Investigating the Application and Distribution of Metadiscourse Features in Research Articles in Applied Linguistics between English Native Writers and Iranian Writers: A Comparative Corpus-based Inquiry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24297/jal.v8i1.6441Keywords:
Metadiscourse Features, Interactional Metadiscourse Features, Interactive Metadiscourse Features, Corpora, Applied Linguistics, Writing, English Native Speakers, Iranian non-native SpeakersAbstract
Metadiscourse features are the elements that can show the presence of writer(s) in the writing process. The main objective of the present study was to run a quantitative corpus-based study on the way metadiscourse features (elements) were used by English native writers and Iranian non-native writers in the field of Applied Linguistics. To this end, 29 articles in the field of Applied Linguistics written by native speakers of English and Iranian non- native speakers of English were randomly selected; compiling together a corpus of 173839 words. Also, for the raw data and corpus analysis, the Sketch engine software was exploited by the researcher. The results of the study couldreveal the fact that in overall, writers of both corpora made use of interactive metadiscourse features more than interactional metadiscourse ones and that the texts written by native speakers enjoyed more metadiscourse markers compared to texts written by Iranian non-native speakers.
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References
Abdi, Reza, Rizi Tavangar, Manoocher, and Tavakoli, Mansoor. 2010. The cooperative
principle in discourse communities and genres: A framework for the use of metadiscourse. Journal of Pragmatics, 42(6), 1669-1679. doi: 10.1016/j.pragma.2009.11.001.
Ahangari, Saeideh andMozhgan Kazemi 2014. A Content analysis of ‘Alice in wonderland’
regardingmetadiscourse elements. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature, 3(3), 10-18. doi: 10.7575/aiac.ijalel. v.3n.3p.10.
Ahmid, Khurshid. 2008. Being in text and text in being: Notes on representative texts.
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Al samadani, Hashem and Salem Ibnian 2001. Using open-Ended story technique in
improvingSaudiuniversity students’ short story writing skills. International Journal of applied linguistics and English Literature, 4(5), 227-233. doi: 10.7575/aiac.ijalel. v.4n.5p.227.
Amiryousefi, Mohammad Javad.,&Hossein Barati. 2011. Metadiscourse: exploring
interaction in writing, ken Hyland. Elixir Literature, 40, 5245-5250.
Anderman, Gunilla and Margaret Rogers. 2008. Incorporating corpora: the linguist and the
translator. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Anwarde,Noor Hafizah, Eunice Ong Luyee, Joanna Indra Gabriel andSeyed Ali Rezvani
Kalajahi, S. A. 2013. An Analysis: The usage of metadiscourse in argumentative writing by Malaysian tertiary level of students. English Language Teaching, 6(9), 83-96. doi:10.5539/elt. v6n9p83.
Awal Norsimah,Imran Ho-Abdullahand IntanSafinazZainudin. 2014. Parallel corpus as a
tool in teaching translation: translating English phrasal verbs into Malay. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 112, 882-887. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.1245.
Baker, Paul, Andrew Hardie and Tony McEnery., 2006. A glossary of corpus linguistics.
Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Berkenkotter, Carol. Thomas N Huckin. 1995. Genre knowledge in disciplinary
communication: Cognition, culture, power. Hillsdale, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates.
Bowker, Lynne and Pearson, Jennifer. 2002. Working with specialized language: a practical
guide to using corpora. London: Routledge.
Bowker, Lynne and Bennison Peter. 2003. Student translation archive and student translation.
tracking system design, development and application. In Corpora in Translation Education, 103-118. St. Jerome: UK.
Byrnes, H. 2006. The acquisition of German modal particles: A corpus-based
approach. studies in Second Language Acquisition, 28(01), 130-151. doi:10.1017/s0272263106330057.
Čermák, F. n.d.. Abstract noun collocations: their nature in a parallel English-Czech
Corpus. 143-153. InBarnbrook, G., Danielsson, P., &Mahlberg, M. 2006. Meaningful texts: the extraction of semantic information from monolingual and multilingual corpora. London: Continuum International Publishing Group - Academi.
Cheng, Xiaoguang and SteffensenMargaret S. 1996. Metadiscourse: A technique for improving
student writing. Research in the Teaching of English, 1(30), 149-181.
Crismore, Avon, Raija Markkane and Margaret S Steffensen.1993. Metadiscourse in
persuasivewriting: A study of texts written by American and Finnish university students. Written Communication, 10(1), 39-71. doi:10.1177/0741088393010001002.
Crismore, Avon. 1983. Metadiscourse: What is it and how is it used in school and
non-school social science text. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Technical Reports, 273, 1-90.
Vaez Dalili, Mehdi and Hossein Vahid Dastjerdi. 2013. A contrastive corpus-based analysis
of the frequency of discourse markers in NE and NNE media discourse: Implications for a universal discourse competence. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory, 9(1), 39-69. doi:10.1515/cllt-2013-001.
Dias, Gael,Sara Madeira, José Gabriel and Lopes, J. 2005. Extracting concepts from dynamic
legislativetext collections. 5-16. InBarnbrook, G. 2006. Meaningful texts: the extraction of semantic information from monolingual and multilingual corpora. London: Continuum.
Eghtesadi, Ahmadreza and Hossein Avidinia.2009. A comparative study of metadiscourse
use in research articles written by native and nonnative speakers: Is audience taken into account? The Journal of Asian Tefl, 6(3), 157-176.
Estaji, Masoomeh andRoyaVafaeimehr,2015. A comparative analysis of interactional
metadiscourse markers in the introduction and conclusion sections of mechanical and electrical engineering research papers. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 3(1), 37-56.
Faghih, Esmail and Sepideh Rahimpour, S. 2009. Contrastive rhetoric of English and Persian
written texts: Metadiscourse in applied linguistics research articles. Rice Working Papers in Linguistics, 1, 92-107.
Frankenberg-Garcia, Ana. 2009. Are translations longer than source texts? A corpus-based
study of explicitation. Corpus Use and Translating Benjamins Translation Library, 47-58. doi: 10.1075/btl.82.05fra.
Gholami, Javad, Sara Rafsanjani Nejad, and Jahanbakhsh Looraji Pour 2014. Metadiscourse
markersmisuses; A study of EFLlearners’ argumentative essays. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 98, 580-589. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.454.
Gajic, N.2010. Materials development: Corpus-based study of authentic texts for business.
San Diego State University, USA: M.A Thesis.
Ghadyani, Fariba andMohamad Hossein Tahririan2015. Interactive markers in medical
researcharticles written by Iranian and native authors of ISI and Non-ISI medical journals: A contrastive Metadiscourse analysis of method section. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 5(2), 309-317. doi:10.17507/tpls.0502.10
Guo-rong, Shen. 2010. Corpus-based approaches to translation studies. Cross-Cultural
Communication, 6(4), 181-187.
Hyland, Ken. 2004. Metadiscourse in academic writing: A reappraisal. Applied
Linguistics, 25(2), 156-177. doi:10.1093/applin/25.2.156.
Hyland, Ken. 2005. Metadiscourse: Exploring Interaction in Writing. London: Continuum.
Jahin, Jamal Hamed. 2012. The effect of peer reviewing on writing apprehension and essay
writingability of prospective EFL teachers. AJTE Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 37(11), 59-84. doi:10.14221/ajte.2012v37n11.3.
Kilgarriff, Adam, VÃt Baisa, Jan BuÅ¡ta, MiloÅ¡ JakubÃÄek, VojtÄ›ch Kovář, Jan Michelfeit,
Pavel Rychlý and VÃt Suchomel. 2014. The Sketch Engine: ten years on. Lexicography, 1(1), 7-36. doi:10.1007/s40607-014-0009-9.
Kopple, Vande. J. 1985. Some exploratory discourse on metadiscourse. College Composition
and Communication, 36(1), 82-93. doi:10.2307/357609.
Kuhi, Davud., and Manijeh Mojood.2012. A Contrastive Study of Metadiscourse in English
and Persian Editorials. The Journal of Applied Linguistics, 5(1), 137-162.
Mahadi, Sepoa Tengku Mahadi, Hilla Vaezian andMahmoud Akbari. 2010. Corpora in
translation: a practical guide. Bern: Lang.
Mauranen, Anna. 2004. Spoken corpus for an ordinary learner. in: Sinclair, John McH. (ed.)
How to Use Corpora in Language Teaching. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 89-105.
McEnery, Tony. and Richard Xiao, 2007 Parallel and comparable corpora: What is happening?
In: Anderman, Gunilla and Rogers, Margaret. (eds). Incorporating Corpora: The Linguist and the Translator. Multilingual Matters, pp. 18-31.
Nesselhauf, Najda. 2004. Learner corpora: Learner corpora and their potential for language
teaching. In John McH. Sinclair (eds). How to Use Corpora in Language Teaching. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co.
Pooresfahani, Ailin Firoozian, Gholam Hassan Khajavy and Fateme Vahidnia, F. 2012. A
contrastivestudy of metadiscourse elements in research articles written by Iranian applied linguistics and engineering writers in English. English Linguistics Research, 1(1), 88-96. doi:10.5430/elr. v1n1p88.
Prinsloo, Dj andRh Gouws. 2010. The use of examples in polyfunctional
Dictionaries. Lexikos, 10(1), 138-157. doi:10.4314/lex. v10i1.51269.
Salar, Sara andBehzad Ghonsooly 2016. A comparative analysis of metadiscourse features in
knowledge management research articles written in English and Persian. International Journal of Research Studies in Language Learning, 5(1), 1-14. doi:10.5861/ijrsll.2015.1154.
Salem, Ashraf atta.2013. The effect of writer’s workshop approach to develop functional
writingskills of primary stage Pre-Service English language teachers in Egypt. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature, 2(5), 70-80. doi: 10.7575/aiac.ijalel. v.2n.5p.70.
Serpolet, Noelle. 2008. A study of the mandative subjunctive in French and its translation in
English: A corpus-based contrastive analysis. In Gunilla Anderman and Margaret Rogers, M. 2008. Incorporating corpora: the linguist and the translator. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Sultan, Abbas H.J.2011. A Contrastive study of metadiscourse in English and Arabic
Linguistic Research Articles. Acta Linguistica, 5(1), 28-41.
Tan, Helen. Chan Swee Heng and Ain Nadzimah Abdullah, 2012. A Proposed Metadiscourse
Framework for Lay ESL Writers. World Applied Sciences Journal, 20(1), 1-6. doi: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2012.20.01.1530.
Tankó, Gyulo. 2004. The use of adverbial connectors in Hungarian university students’
argumentative essays. In (eds), John McH. SinclairHow to Use Corpora in Language Teaching Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 157-181. doi: 10.1075/scl.12.13tan.
Thompson, Geoff and Puleng Thetela. 1995. The sound of one hand clapping: The
managementof interaction in written discourse. Text Interdisciplinary Journal for the Study of Discourse, 15(1) 103-127. doi:10.1515/text.1.1995.15.1.103.
Tsui, Ami B.M. 2004. In preparation: What teachers have always wanted to know — and how
corpora can help. In John McH. Sinclair(eds).How to Use Corpora in Language Teaching Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 39-61. doi: 10.1075/scl.12.06tsu.
Utka, A. 2005. Lemmatization and collocational analysis of Lithunian nouns. 107-115. In
Barnbrook, G., Danielsson, P., &Mahlberg, M. (2006). Meaningful texts: the extraction of semantic information from monolingual and multilingual corpora. London: Continuum International Publishing Group - Academi.
Vande Kopple, Williams. 2012. The importance of studying metadiscourse. Applied
Research in English, 1(2), 37-44.
Vintar, Å pela. 2008. Corpora in Translation: A Slovene Perspective. The Journal of Specialized
Translation, (10), 40-56.
Williams, Joseph M.1981. Style: Ten lessons in clarity and grace. New York: Harper Collins
Publishers.
Yaghoubi, Ahmad and Ardestani Somayeh.2014. Explicit or implicit instruction of
metadiscourse markers and writing skill improvement. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature, 3(4), 14-22. doi: 10.7575/aiac.ijalel. v.3n.4p.14
Zadeh, Zahra, RoyaBaharlooei and Simin Shala 2015. Interactive and interactional meta-
discourse markers in conclusion sections of English master theses. International Journal of Research Studies in Language Learning, 4(4), 81-92. doi:10.5861/ijrsll.2015.1081.
Zarei, Gholam andSaraMansoori. 2011. A contrastive study on metadiscourse elements
used inhumanities vs. non humanities across Persian and English. English Language Teaching, 4(1), 42-50. doi:10.5539/elt. v4n1p42.
Zainudin, Intan Safinaz,Nor Hashima Jalaluddin andKhairul Taufiq Abu Bakar2014. The use of
corpus and frame semantics in a lexicography class: evaluating dictionary entries. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 2316-2320. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.566
Zanettin, Federico. 2016. Translation-driven corpora: corpus resources for descriptive and
appliedtranslation studies. UK: Routledge.
Gholam, Reza, Gholam reza Zarei, Sara Mansoori.2011. Metadiscursive distinction between
Persian and English: An analysis of computer engineering research articles. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 2(5), 1037-1042. doi:10.4304/jltr.2.5.1037-1042
principle in discourse communities and genres: A framework for the use of metadiscourse. Journal of Pragmatics, 42(6), 1669-1679. doi: 10.1016/j.pragma.2009.11.001.
Ahangari, Saeideh andMozhgan Kazemi 2014. A Content analysis of ‘Alice in wonderland’
regardingmetadiscourse elements. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature, 3(3), 10-18. doi: 10.7575/aiac.ijalel. v.3n.3p.10.
Ahmid, Khurshid. 2008. Being in text and text in being: Notes on representative texts.
60-94. InGunilla Anderman and MargaretRogers(eds). Incorporating corpora: the linguist and the translator. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Al samadani, Hashem and Salem Ibnian 2001. Using open-Ended story technique in
improvingSaudiuniversity students’ short story writing skills. International Journal of applied linguistics and English Literature, 4(5), 227-233. doi: 10.7575/aiac.ijalel. v.4n.5p.227.
Amiryousefi, Mohammad Javad.,&Hossein Barati. 2011. Metadiscourse: exploring
interaction in writing, ken Hyland. Elixir Literature, 40, 5245-5250.
Anderman, Gunilla and Margaret Rogers. 2008. Incorporating corpora: the linguist and the
translator. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Anwarde,Noor Hafizah, Eunice Ong Luyee, Joanna Indra Gabriel andSeyed Ali Rezvani
Kalajahi, S. A. 2013. An Analysis: The usage of metadiscourse in argumentative writing by Malaysian tertiary level of students. English Language Teaching, 6(9), 83-96. doi:10.5539/elt. v6n9p83.
Awal Norsimah,Imran Ho-Abdullahand IntanSafinazZainudin. 2014. Parallel corpus as a
tool in teaching translation: translating English phrasal verbs into Malay. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 112, 882-887. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.1245.
Baker, Paul, Andrew Hardie and Tony McEnery., 2006. A glossary of corpus linguistics.
Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Berkenkotter, Carol. Thomas N Huckin. 1995. Genre knowledge in disciplinary
communication: Cognition, culture, power. Hillsdale, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates.
Bowker, Lynne and Pearson, Jennifer. 2002. Working with specialized language: a practical
guide to using corpora. London: Routledge.
Bowker, Lynne and Bennison Peter. 2003. Student translation archive and student translation.
tracking system design, development and application. In Corpora in Translation Education, 103-118. St. Jerome: UK.
Byrnes, H. 2006. The acquisition of German modal particles: A corpus-based
approach. studies in Second Language Acquisition, 28(01), 130-151. doi:10.1017/s0272263106330057.
Čermák, F. n.d.. Abstract noun collocations: their nature in a parallel English-Czech
Corpus. 143-153. InBarnbrook, G., Danielsson, P., &Mahlberg, M. 2006. Meaningful texts: the extraction of semantic information from monolingual and multilingual corpora. London: Continuum International Publishing Group - Academi.
Cheng, Xiaoguang and SteffensenMargaret S. 1996. Metadiscourse: A technique for improving
student writing. Research in the Teaching of English, 1(30), 149-181.
Crismore, Avon, Raija Markkane and Margaret S Steffensen.1993. Metadiscourse in
persuasivewriting: A study of texts written by American and Finnish university students. Written Communication, 10(1), 39-71. doi:10.1177/0741088393010001002.
Crismore, Avon. 1983. Metadiscourse: What is it and how is it used in school and
non-school social science text. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Technical Reports, 273, 1-90.
Vaez Dalili, Mehdi and Hossein Vahid Dastjerdi. 2013. A contrastive corpus-based analysis
of the frequency of discourse markers in NE and NNE media discourse: Implications for a universal discourse competence. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory, 9(1), 39-69. doi:10.1515/cllt-2013-001.
Dias, Gael,Sara Madeira, José Gabriel and Lopes, J. 2005. Extracting concepts from dynamic
legislativetext collections. 5-16. InBarnbrook, G. 2006. Meaningful texts: the extraction of semantic information from monolingual and multilingual corpora. London: Continuum.
Eghtesadi, Ahmadreza and Hossein Avidinia.2009. A comparative study of metadiscourse
use in research articles written by native and nonnative speakers: Is audience taken into account? The Journal of Asian Tefl, 6(3), 157-176.
Estaji, Masoomeh andRoyaVafaeimehr,2015. A comparative analysis of interactional
metadiscourse markers in the introduction and conclusion sections of mechanical and electrical engineering research papers. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 3(1), 37-56.
Faghih, Esmail and Sepideh Rahimpour, S. 2009. Contrastive rhetoric of English and Persian
written texts: Metadiscourse in applied linguistics research articles. Rice Working Papers in Linguistics, 1, 92-107.
Frankenberg-Garcia, Ana. 2009. Are translations longer than source texts? A corpus-based
study of explicitation. Corpus Use and Translating Benjamins Translation Library, 47-58. doi: 10.1075/btl.82.05fra.
Gholami, Javad, Sara Rafsanjani Nejad, and Jahanbakhsh Looraji Pour 2014. Metadiscourse
markersmisuses; A study of EFLlearners’ argumentative essays. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 98, 580-589. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.454.
Gajic, N.2010. Materials development: Corpus-based study of authentic texts for business.
San Diego State University, USA: M.A Thesis.
Ghadyani, Fariba andMohamad Hossein Tahririan2015. Interactive markers in medical
researcharticles written by Iranian and native authors of ISI and Non-ISI medical journals: A contrastive Metadiscourse analysis of method section. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 5(2), 309-317. doi:10.17507/tpls.0502.10
Guo-rong, Shen. 2010. Corpus-based approaches to translation studies. Cross-Cultural
Communication, 6(4), 181-187.
Hyland, Ken. 2004. Metadiscourse in academic writing: A reappraisal. Applied
Linguistics, 25(2), 156-177. doi:10.1093/applin/25.2.156.
Hyland, Ken. 2005. Metadiscourse: Exploring Interaction in Writing. London: Continuum.
Jahin, Jamal Hamed. 2012. The effect of peer reviewing on writing apprehension and essay
writingability of prospective EFL teachers. AJTE Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 37(11), 59-84. doi:10.14221/ajte.2012v37n11.3.
Kilgarriff, Adam, VÃt Baisa, Jan BuÅ¡ta, MiloÅ¡ JakubÃÄek, VojtÄ›ch Kovář, Jan Michelfeit,
Pavel Rychlý and VÃt Suchomel. 2014. The Sketch Engine: ten years on. Lexicography, 1(1), 7-36. doi:10.1007/s40607-014-0009-9.
Kopple, Vande. J. 1985. Some exploratory discourse on metadiscourse. College Composition
and Communication, 36(1), 82-93. doi:10.2307/357609.
Kuhi, Davud., and Manijeh Mojood.2012. A Contrastive Study of Metadiscourse in English
and Persian Editorials. The Journal of Applied Linguistics, 5(1), 137-162.
Mahadi, Sepoa Tengku Mahadi, Hilla Vaezian andMahmoud Akbari. 2010. Corpora in
translation: a practical guide. Bern: Lang.
Mauranen, Anna. 2004. Spoken corpus for an ordinary learner. in: Sinclair, John McH. (ed.)
How to Use Corpora in Language Teaching. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 89-105.
McEnery, Tony. and Richard Xiao, 2007 Parallel and comparable corpora: What is happening?
In: Anderman, Gunilla and Rogers, Margaret. (eds). Incorporating Corpora: The Linguist and the Translator. Multilingual Matters, pp. 18-31.
Nesselhauf, Najda. 2004. Learner corpora: Learner corpora and their potential for language
teaching. In John McH. Sinclair (eds). How to Use Corpora in Language Teaching. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co.
Pooresfahani, Ailin Firoozian, Gholam Hassan Khajavy and Fateme Vahidnia, F. 2012. A
contrastivestudy of metadiscourse elements in research articles written by Iranian applied linguistics and engineering writers in English. English Linguistics Research, 1(1), 88-96. doi:10.5430/elr. v1n1p88.
Prinsloo, Dj andRh Gouws. 2010. The use of examples in polyfunctional
Dictionaries. Lexikos, 10(1), 138-157. doi:10.4314/lex. v10i1.51269.
Salar, Sara andBehzad Ghonsooly 2016. A comparative analysis of metadiscourse features in
knowledge management research articles written in English and Persian. International Journal of Research Studies in Language Learning, 5(1), 1-14. doi:10.5861/ijrsll.2015.1154.
Salem, Ashraf atta.2013. The effect of writer’s workshop approach to develop functional
writingskills of primary stage Pre-Service English language teachers in Egypt. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature, 2(5), 70-80. doi: 10.7575/aiac.ijalel. v.2n.5p.70.
Serpolet, Noelle. 2008. A study of the mandative subjunctive in French and its translation in
English: A corpus-based contrastive analysis. In Gunilla Anderman and Margaret Rogers, M. 2008. Incorporating corpora: the linguist and the translator. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Sultan, Abbas H.J.2011. A Contrastive study of metadiscourse in English and Arabic
Linguistic Research Articles. Acta Linguistica, 5(1), 28-41.
Tan, Helen. Chan Swee Heng and Ain Nadzimah Abdullah, 2012. A Proposed Metadiscourse
Framework for Lay ESL Writers. World Applied Sciences Journal, 20(1), 1-6. doi: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2012.20.01.1530.
Tankó, Gyulo. 2004. The use of adverbial connectors in Hungarian university students’
argumentative essays. In (eds), John McH. SinclairHow to Use Corpora in Language Teaching Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 157-181. doi: 10.1075/scl.12.13tan.
Thompson, Geoff and Puleng Thetela. 1995. The sound of one hand clapping: The
managementof interaction in written discourse. Text Interdisciplinary Journal for the Study of Discourse, 15(1) 103-127. doi:10.1515/text.1.1995.15.1.103.
Tsui, Ami B.M. 2004. In preparation: What teachers have always wanted to know — and how
corpora can help. In John McH. Sinclair(eds).How to Use Corpora in Language Teaching Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 39-61. doi: 10.1075/scl.12.06tsu.
Utka, A. 2005. Lemmatization and collocational analysis of Lithunian nouns. 107-115. In
Barnbrook, G., Danielsson, P., &Mahlberg, M. (2006). Meaningful texts: the extraction of semantic information from monolingual and multilingual corpora. London: Continuum International Publishing Group - Academi.
Vande Kopple, Williams. 2012. The importance of studying metadiscourse. Applied
Research in English, 1(2), 37-44.
Vintar, Å pela. 2008. Corpora in Translation: A Slovene Perspective. The Journal of Specialized
Translation, (10), 40-56.
Williams, Joseph M.1981. Style: Ten lessons in clarity and grace. New York: Harper Collins
Publishers.
Yaghoubi, Ahmad and Ardestani Somayeh.2014. Explicit or implicit instruction of
metadiscourse markers and writing skill improvement. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature, 3(4), 14-22. doi: 10.7575/aiac.ijalel. v.3n.4p.14
Zadeh, Zahra, RoyaBaharlooei and Simin Shala 2015. Interactive and interactional meta-
discourse markers in conclusion sections of English master theses. International Journal of Research Studies in Language Learning, 4(4), 81-92. doi:10.5861/ijrsll.2015.1081.
Zarei, Gholam andSaraMansoori. 2011. A contrastive study on metadiscourse elements
used inhumanities vs. non humanities across Persian and English. English Language Teaching, 4(1), 42-50. doi:10.5539/elt. v4n1p42.
Zainudin, Intan Safinaz,Nor Hashima Jalaluddin andKhairul Taufiq Abu Bakar2014. The use of
corpus and frame semantics in a lexicography class: evaluating dictionary entries. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 2316-2320. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.566
Zanettin, Federico. 2016. Translation-driven corpora: corpus resources for descriptive and
appliedtranslation studies. UK: Routledge.
Gholam, Reza, Gholam reza Zarei, Sara Mansoori.2011. Metadiscursive distinction between
Persian and English: An analysis of computer engineering research articles. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 2(5), 1037-1042. doi:10.4304/jltr.2.5.1037-1042
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Published
2017-11-17
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Farahani, M. V. (2017). Investigating the Application and Distribution of Metadiscourse Features in Research Articles in Applied Linguistics between English Native Writers and Iranian Writers: A Comparative Corpus-based Inquiry. JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN LINGUISTICS, 8(1), 1268–1285. https://doi.org/10.24297/jal.v8i1.6441
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