THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF Brachiaria GRASS CULTIVARS AT KATUMANI DRYLAND RESEARCH STATION IN SOUTH EASTERN KENYA

Authors

  • Susan Akinyi Nguku South Eastern Kenya University
  • Nashon K.R. Musimba South Eastern Kenya University
  • Donald N. Njarui Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research Organisation
  • Royford Murangiri Mwobobia South Eastern Kenya University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v5i2.5085

Keywords:

Livestock, Brachiaria, grass, Chemical composition, Nutrition.

Abstract

The study was conducted at Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation, Katumani, Machakos to evaluate the herbage quality of Brachiaria grass cultivars in semi arid regions of Eastern Kenya. Brachiaria cultivars namely B. decumbens cv. Basilisk, Brachiaria hybrid  Mulato II, four Brachiaria brizantha cultivars Marandu, Xaraes, Piata, MG4 and Brachiaria humidicola cv Llanero were assessed with reference to their chemical and nutritive composition at 22, 24 and 28 weeks post seedling emergence. Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana cv KATR3) and Napier grass (P. pupureum cv. Kakamega I) were included as controls. There were significant differences (p<0.05) among the cultivars for crude protein, crude fibre (NDF, ADF and ADL) Ash, Calcium, Phosphorus, Dry Matter Digestibilty and Metabolisable energy during the the week 22 and 24 post seedling emergence harvest. At week 28 harvest interval, however, ADL values for all the cultivars were similar and only Marandu was significantly different (p<0.05) in terms of metabolizable energy from the rest. The mean CP content of the grasses decreased from 11.1% at week 22 to 6.3% at harvest week 28 harvest intervals. MG4, Mulato II and Xaraes were the only grasses able to meet minimum CP (7.0%) requirement for rumen microbial function throughout the harvest period. Ash and phosphorus values decreased whereas Calcium content increased for all the cultivars during the harvest intervals, with Mulato II recording the highest ash (15%) content during this period. Chloris gayana KATR3 recorded highest average NDF (72.9%), ADF (48.1%) and ADL (6.1%) content during this period. Xaraes, Marandu and Mulato II were the only cultivars able to achieve the highest metabolizable energy of  7.0 MJ/kg DM recorded for the grass cultivars throughout the harvest intervals. These results indicate that Brachiaria grasses can be a good source of forage for livestock and a boost to the forage resource base in the semi arid regions of Kenya. Further research is needed to quantify their productivity in both dry and wet periods and to assess the effect of feeding on animal production performance.

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Author Biographies

Susan Akinyi Nguku, South Eastern Kenya University

Deapartment of Range and Wildlife Sciences, School of Range and Veterinary Sciences

Nashon K.R. Musimba, South Eastern Kenya University

Dean of Scool of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, South Eastern Kenya University

Donald N. Njarui, Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research Organisation

Head of the Animal Production department. Research Scientist.

Royford Murangiri Mwobobia, South Eastern Kenya University

RoyFord is a student at South Eastern Kenya University currently pursuing a course in Livestock Production Systems. He works with The Ministry of Agriculture as a Veterinary officer

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Published

2016-01-08

How to Cite

Nguku, S. A., Musimba, N. K., Njarui, D. N., & Mwobobia, R. M. (2016). THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF Brachiaria GRASS CULTIVARS AT KATUMANI DRYLAND RESEARCH STATION IN SOUTH EASTERN KENYA. JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE, 5(2), 706–717. https://doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v5i2.5085

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