JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE

Locations of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) Landraces in Central Anadolu Region of Türkiye and Some Soil Characteristics of the Locations

Abdullah Özköse, Mehmet Ali Avcı, Ahmet Tamkoç — Tue, 17 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This study was aimed to determine the characteristics of the soils of perennial ryegrass genotypes found in the natural flora in the Central Anadolu Region in Türkiye. Within the scope of the study, perennial ryegrass populations were collected from the provinces of Ankara, Eskişehir, Afyon, Konya, Aksaray, Karaman and Mersin and Antalya provinces in 2006 and 2007. Plants were collected and soil samples were taken and analysed from 87 sites in Ankara (20), Eskişehir (9), Afyon (5), Konya (39), Aksaray (1), Karaman (5), Mersin (2) and Antalya (6). According to the analysis results, the pH varied between 6.35-8.50, EC 52-1395 µS/cm, organic matter 0.04-9.1 %, lime 1.2-64.2%, P2O5 4.28-128.7 mg/kg, K2O 24.7-1360. 8 mg/kg, Ca 820-4030 mg/kg, Mg 32.7-3569 mg/kg, Na 0.6-2016 mg/kg, Fe 2.78-67.50 mg/kg, Zn 0.10-8.97 mg/kg, Cu 0.21-9.43 and Mn 2.33-42.34 mg/kg. As a result of soil analyses, large differences were observed between the locations where plants were collected in terms of the characteristics examined. This change shows the potential of developing grass varieties that can grow in different soil properties with a good breeding study of perennial ryegrass populations.

Evaluation of Tomato Cultivars against Early Leaf Blight (Alternaria solani) in net greenhouse Qatar

Mon, 25 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The current study was conducted at the Alutouriya research station under the Agriculture Research Department in the Ministry of Municipality, Qatar, during the years 2020–2021, and 2021–2022, to test the response of various tomato cultivars against early blight. Early blight is the most devastating fungal disease of tomatoes, caused by Alternaria solani. It is one of the most common foliar diseases in tomatoes. The disease can occur in a wide range of climatic conditions but is most prominent in areas with moderate temperatures and high relative humidity. In this study, ten tomato cultivars were evaluated for highly resistant (HR), resistant (R), moderately resistant (MR), moderately susceptible (MS), and susceptible (S) reactions under natural net greenhouse conditions. Alternaria solani produces oblivious green, gray, and brown-to-black colonies when grown on PDA medium. Assessments on the mean percent disease index and severity grade of symptoms were recorded for each cultivar. Only one cultivar, 71 (banana legs), was recorded as moderately susceptible in both years with a high PDI value and symptom severity grade. The cultivars fruit weight for each cultivar was calculated to determine the productivity of the tomato plant. The maximum and minimum temperatures with relative humidity were recorded every week from November to February for the years 2022-2021 and 2021-2020. This data revealed that most of the cultivars used for this study were resistant to early blight.

THE EFFECT OF BORON AND IAA APPLIED TO SUNFLOWER GROWED AS A SECOND PRODUCT ON SEED SETTING

Samet Gölkaya, Ahmet Tamkoç — Fri, 25 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This research was carried out on the second crop oil sunflower, which was planted directly on the stubble in the Central Anatolia region. Increasing doses of boron (4.2 gr, 8.5 gr, and 16.8 gr) and increasing doses of IAA (12 ppm, 16 ppm, and 20 ppm) were applied to leaves of sunflower at R2 and R3 development stages of sunflower in order to increase the number of full seeds (Pieces/Capitulum) of the second crop oil sunflower. The data obtained from the experiment with 4 replications were evaluated statistically, and the difference between them was significant at the p<0.05 probability level. However, the difference between the potential seed number (Pieces/Capitulum) was insignificant. While 4.2 gr and 8.5 gr boron doses from the boron doses applied plots and 20 ppm IAA dose from the IAA applied plots had the highest grain yields, the lowest seed setting was observed in the 16.8 gr boron applied plots and the 12 ppm and 16 ppm IAA applied plots. It has been concluded that the IAA used in the research has both positive and negative effects on productivity against stress conditions created by environmental factors.

Studying the Effect of Plant Growth Regulators Ivin, Methyur and Kamethur on Growth and Productivity of Sunflower

Sat, 17 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0000

In field conditions, the effect of plant growth regulators Ivin (N-oxide-2,6-dimethylpyridine), Methyur (sodium salt of 6-methyl-2-mercapto-4-hydroxypyrimidine), Kamethur (potassium salt of 6-methyl-2-mercapto-4-hydroxypyrimidine) on growth and productivity of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) variety Bastion was studied. The growth-regulating activity of plant growth regulators Ivin, Methyur and Kamethur was compared with the growth-regulating activity of the auxin IAA (1H-Indol-3-yl)acetic acid). It was found that the treatment of seeds before planting in the soil with water solutions of Ivin, Methyur and Kamethur, used at a concentration of 10-7M, contributes to an increase in morphological parameters (length of shoot and root, fresh weight of plant and basket) and biochemical parameters (content of chlorophylls a and b, and carotenoids) of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) variety Bastion grown in field conditions for 3 months. The growth-regulating activity of plant growth regulators Ivin, Methyur and Kamethur was higher than the growth-regulating activity of the auxin IAA used at the same concentration of 10-7M. The obtained results confirmed the possibility of using plant growth regulators Ivin, Methyur and Kamethur to increase the length of shoot and root, fresh weight of the plant and basket, and the content of chlorophylls in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) variety Bastion.

Simulation of cucumber downy mildew Spread and sedimentation based on HYSPLIT

Guilin Xu, Han ping Mao — Fri, 02 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Cucumber downy mildew is a typical fungal airborne disease in which pathogenic spores are transmitted remotely by air currents, resulting in regional endemics. It is of great significance to study and analyze the temporal and spatial changes of downy mildew spores, especially the trajectory and sedimentation concentration of spores propagating with airflow in the air, for the prediction of downy mildew in cucumbers. Therefore, based on GDAS meteorological data from October to November 2017, this study uses the HYSPLIT-5 model to simulate the airflow propagation trajectory and sedimentation of downy mildew pathogen spores in the main cucumber planting areas in China, analyzes the trajectory frequency and sedimentation concentration in the long-distance and long-term series propagation process, and explores the transmission law of airborne disease spores, which provides a theoretical basis for predicting downy mildew in cucumbers.

Tilapia feeding decision system based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference

Haiyang Cao, Hanping Mao — Tue, 30 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000

In industrial recirculating aquaculture, the feed required by fish accounts for a major part of the total expenditure. In this paper, a multi-factor decision making system based on aggregation FIFFB of fish feeding behavior, water temperature T of environmental factors and biomass weight W was proposed to solve the problem of feed waste under the traditional mode. To verify the performance of this model, a fuzzy inference FIS model is constructed for comparison. The experimental results show that the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) between the predicted and actual feeding amount of ANFIS triplet are 0.78 and 0.19, respectively, which are much lower than the FIS model, and this model is more suitable for predicting the feeding amount decision. At the same time, growth parameters such as WGR, FMAE, K and FCR were compared. The fish growth specifications were fatter and the economic benefits were higher, and the feed conversion rate was increased by 12.35%. Therefore, the triplet ANFIS feeding prediction and decision-making system based on fish aggregation degree, water temperature and body weight is effective and has guiding significance for the precise feeding design of unmanned aquaculture.