Potential Influence of Climate on Ugandan Aquaculture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v10i0.8392Keywords:
Climate variabili, Aquaculture, UgandaAbstract
Climate defines the viability of an area for aquaculture at the macro-scale (extensive) level as it dictates water temperature and water quantity in a location that in turn affects fish productivity. Temperature and rainfall data from 1980 to 2016 were analyzed and compared among the different regions of Uganda (Central, Eastern, Northern, and Western) using the Seasonal Mann Kendall Times Series and the 12-month Standard Precipitation Index (SPI). These data were used in the computation of monthly water requirements of the different regions. A positive upward temperature trend for all regions except the Eastern region (p = 0.4222, tau b = 0.027) showed increase of aquaculture production the future. The 12-month SPI showed all regions having near normal SPI (-0.99 to 0.99) but with the Central region having highest SPI and the western region with the lowest SPI. The Central region had the lowest monthly water requirement compared to other regions which was attributed to lower temperatures and lower evaporation rates compared to others. Overall, potential climate effects on aquaculture are not a major issue in the country if climate smart strategies are adopted. That is; water harvesting during the rainy seasons for use in drier periods and planning of the fish production cycle so that the period of water deficit coincides with fish harvest or pond preparation.
Downloads
References
WMO. 2017. CCI FAQs | WMO. Retrieved December 6, 2017, from http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/wcp/ccl/faqs.php.
Coche, A. G. 1994. Aquaculture development and research in sub-Saharan Africa: National Reviews. FAO,
Rome, Italy Aguilar-Manjarrez, J. and S. S. Nath. 1998. A strategic reassessment of fish farming potential in
Africa. CIFA Technical paper 32. FAO, Rome, Italy.
Kaspersky, J. M., and S. S. Nath. 1997. A strategic assessment of the potential for freshwater fish farming in
Latin America. FAO, Rome, Italy.
Kapetsky, J. M., 2000. Present applications and future needs of meteorological and climatological data in
inland fisheries and aquaculture. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 103:109–117.
Boyd, C.E., and Pine, H.J., 2010. Application of agrometeorology to aquaculture and fisheries, In Guide to
Agricultural Meteorological Practices (GAMP). WMO-No. 134, Geneva, Switzerland.
Boyd, C. E., 2006. Management of bottom soil condition and pondwater effluent quality. Pages 449–467 in
C. E. Lim and C. E.Webster, editors. Tilapia: biology, culture, and nutrition. The Hawort Press, Binghamton,
New York, USA.
Yoo, K. H., and C. E. Boyd. 1994. Hydrology and Water Supply for Pond Aquaculture. Chapman and Hall,
New York, USA Azaza, M. S., M. Legendre, M. M. Kraiem, and E. Baras, 2010. Size-dependent effects of
daily thermal fluctuations on the growth and size heterogeneity of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus.
Journal of Fish Biology 76:669–683.
Nicholson, S. E., 2014. A detailed look at the recent drought situation in the Greater Horn of Africa. Journal
of Arid Environments 103:71–79.
Nicholson Sharon E. 2015. An analysis of recent rainfall conditions in eastern Africa. International Journal
of Climatology 36:526–532.
World Water Assessment Programme (United Nations Education, Science, and Cultural Organization).
Water: a shared responsibility (No. 2). Case study: Uganda. UN-HABITAT.
Journal of Advances in Agriculture Vol 10 (2019) ISSN: 2349-0837 https://rajpub.com/index.php/jaa
Phillips, J. and B. McIntyre. 2000. ENSO and interannual rainfall variability in Uganda: implications for
agricultural management. International Journal of Climatology 20:171–182.
Nicholson, S. E., 2017. Climate and climatic variability of rainfall over eastern Africa. Reviews of Geophysics
: 590-635.
Ogallo, L. J., 1988. Relationships between seasonal rainfall in East Africa and the Southern Oscillation.
Journal of Climatology 8:31–43.
Isyagi, N., G. Atukunda, L. Aliguma, M. Ssebisubi, J. Walakira, G. Kubiriza, and E. Mbulameri. 2009.
Assessment of national aquaculture policies and programmes in Uganda. Retrieved from
https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20006802063.
Timmers, B., 2012. Impacts of climate change and variability on fish value chains in Uganda Retrieved
September 28, 2017, from http://www.worldfishcenter.org/resource_centre/WF_3139.pdf
Natungoza, V., R. Ogutu-Ohwayo, J. Efitre, F. Muyodi, D. Mbabazi, M. Olukotum, S. Naigaga, and S.
Namboowa. 2015. The responses of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Lake Wamala
(Uganda) to changing climatic conditions. Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management 20:101–119.
Musinguzi, L., J. Efitre, K. Odongkara, R. Ogutu-Ohwayo, F. Muyodi, V. Natugonza, M. Olokotum, S.
Namboowa, and S. Naigaga. 2016. Fishers’ perceptions of climate change impacts on their livelihoods and
adaptation strategies in environmental change hotspots: a case of Lake Wamala. Uganda. Environment,
Development, and Sustainability 18:1255–1273.
Szumiec, M. A., 1983. Meteorology in the service of limnology and aquaculture. Polish Archives of
Hydrobiology, Fish Culture Experimental Station-Golysz, Chybie
Mutemi, J.N. 2003: Climate anomalies over eastern Africa associated with various ENSO evolution phases.
Ph.D. Thesis, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
Okoola, R.E. 1996: Space-Time characteristics of the ITCZ over Equatorial East Africa during anomalous
rainfall years. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Nairobi.
Ogallo, L. J., 1989. The spatial and temporal patterns of the East African seasonal rainfall and derived from
principal component analysis. International Journal of Climatology 9:145–161.
Komutunga, T. E., 2005. Optimum cropping calendar derived for rain-fed agriculture in Uganda using
rainfall data. Ph.D. thesis. University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
Hirsch, R. M., J. R. Slack, and R. A. Smith.1982. Techniques of trend analysis for monthly water quality data.
Water Resources Research 18:107–121.
Rutaisire, J., 2007. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department - Study and analysis of feeds and fertilizers
for sustainable aquaculture development. Retrieved September 28, 2017, from
http://www.fao.org/docrep/011/a1444e/a1444e00.htm
Fathauer, T., 2011. A glimpse into a changing climate: New 1981–2010 climate normals take effect.
Weatherwise 64: 34–36.
Boyd, C. E., and C. S. Tucker. 1998. Pond Aquaculture Water Quality Management. Kluwer, Massachusetts,
USA.
Hayes, M. J., M. D. Svoboda, D. A. Wilhite, and O. V. Vanyarkho.1999. Monitoring the 1996 drought using
the standardized precipitation index. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 80:429–438.
Ntale, H. K., and T. Y. Gan. 2003. Drought indices and their application to East Africa. International Journal
of Climatology 23:1335–1357.
McKee, T. B., N. J. Doesken, and J. Kleist. 1993. The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time
scales. In Proceedings of the 8th Conference on Applied Climatology17:179–183
WMO. 2012. Standardized precipitation index user guide.: World Meteorological Organization, Geneva,
Switzerland.
Ssegane, H., E. W. Tollner, and K. Veverica. 2012. Geospatial Modeling of Site Suitability for Pond-Based
Tilapia and Clarias Farming in Uganda. Journal of Applied Aquaculture 24:147–169.
Aguilar-Manjarrez, J., and S. S. Nath. 1998. A strategic reassessment of fish farming potential in Africa. CIFA
Technical paper 32. FAO, Rome, Italy.
Sun, X., Xie, L., Semazzi, F., and Liu, B. 2015. Effect of lake surface temperature on the spatial distribution
and intensity of the precipitation over the Lake Victoria basin. Monthly Weather Review, 143: 1179-1192.
Basalirwa, C. P. K., 1995. Delineation of Uganda into climatological rainfall zones using the method of
principal component analysis. International Journal of Climatology 15:1161–1177.
Azaza, M. S., Legendre, M., Kraiem, M. M., Baras, E., 2010. Size-dependent effects of daily thermal
fluctuations on the growth and size heterogeneity of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Journal of Fish
Biology 76: 669-683.
Ogwang, B. A., T. Guirong, and C. Haishan. 2012. Diagnosis of September-November drought and the
associated circulation anomalies over Uganda. Pakistan Journal of Meteorology 9:11-24.
Helgi, G., M. Ssebisubi, and K. Ögmundur. 2012. The value chain of farmed African catfish in Uganda.
Proceedings of the Sixteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and
Trade, July 16-20, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Jagger, P., and J. Pender. 2001. Markets, marketing, and production issues for aquaculture in East Africa:
the case of Uganda. Naga, the ICLARM Quarterly 24:42–51.
Orlove, B., C. Roncoli, M. Kabugo, and A. Majugu. 2010. Indigenous climate knowledge in southern
Uganda: the multiple components of a dynamic regional system. Climatic Change 100: 243-265
Funk, C., J. Rowland, G. Eilerts, L. White, T. E. Martin, and J. L. Maron. 2012. A climate trend analysis of
Uganda. US Geological Survey Fact Sheet 3062.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
All articles published in Journal of Advances in Linguistics are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
