A comprehensive, integrated study of the clavicle: Its topographical anatomy, biomechanical architecture and function; pathological anatomy of mid-shaft fractures and the decision-making process for a surgical approach when planning an intramedullary implant: : Part 2 Functional Anatomy of the Clavicle and Scapula

Gandhi  Harjeet Singh

doi:10.24297/ijct.v26i.9858

Authors

Gandhi Harjeet Singh Hamilton Health Sciences, Ontario

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v26i.9858

Keywords:

Clavicle anatomy, Torsion, Version, Morphometry, Clavicle fracture, Scapula, Directional asymmetry, Pectoral girdle, Human anatomy

Abstract

Highlights: The characteristic serpentine shape of the clavicle makes it a precision machine for power transmission. The cross-sections of the expanded sternal end and the medial three-fifths of the medial curvature and lateral two-fifths are highly variable. Phylogenetically (origin and evolutionary development) and ontogenetically (individual development), the curvatures, torsion and version of the clavicle are related to the dorsolateral positioning of the scapula and force amplification.

On average, the variable torsion angle along the diaphysis of the clavicle is ~ 35 degrees. It is distinct from the version angle, which can be greater or less than it. Generally, the left clavicle tends to be longer than the right, and the right clavicle has a larger mid-shaft diameter. The male clavicle shows asymmetry across all parameters, including muscle and ligament footprints.

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