Hyalite Sol-Gel Amoeba: A Physiology-Based Biophysical Model for Segmentation and Biotransformation of Medical Images To 3D Solid-State Characterizing Native Tissue Properties for Patient-Specific and Patient-Appropriate Analysis for Surgical Applications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v22i.9228Keywords:
Sternotomy, Osteochondrotomy, Intensiotaxis, Intensiokinesis, Tissue density, Optical density, Clinical biomechanical engineer, Computer vision, Image segmentationAbstract
Introduction: The endeavour to improve medical image segmentation techniques for higher analysis in surgical planning and medical therapeutics is far from becoming a standard of care in clinical practice. Hyalite Sol-Gel Amoeba model based on biophysical sciences apart from performing image segmentation is designed to extract real-world tissue densities for patient-specific and patient-appropriate analysis.
Objectives: Amoeba Proteus is a unicellular independent entity, with a nucleus and sol-gel protoplasm enclosed in a membrane. The study presents versatile restructuring anatomy and physiology of the Amoeba Proteus for segmentation of 2D, and 3D medical images based on well-established principles of energy minimization and active contour. It demonstrates how the animalcule glides and advances by throwing pseudopodia driven by phenomenal actin-myosin activity that can segment a region-of-interest, and finally, at the time of apoptosis, its protoplasm and organelles acquire distribution of original image intensities to characterize tissue densities.
Methods: This seminal study following a brief review of computer vision science discusses the relationship between optical density and tissue density, and the theory of sol-gel fluid mechanics. The framework of the HSG-Amoeba is described with the segmentation of various skeletal components of the thoracic cage.
Results: This being a foundational study to describe the concept of the HSG-Amoeba model it requires the development of a mathematical algorithm to demonstrate its worthiness as a tool for surgical applications.
Conclusion: The focus of the study is to present the design and framework of the newly conceived HSG-Amoeba model to segment a medical image and extract tissue densities without altering the original image intensities.
Downloads
References
Aggarwal, R., Sounderajah, V., Martin, G., Ting, D. S. W., Karthikesalingam, A., King, D., Ashrafian, H., & Darzi, A. (2021). Diagnostic accuracy of deep learning in medical imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis. In npj Digital Medicine (Vol. 4, Issue 1). Nature Research. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-021-00438-z
Amini, A. A., Weymouth, T. E., & Jain, R. C. (1990). Using Dynamic Programming for Solving Variational Problems in Vision. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. https://doi.org/10.1109/34.57681
Bahat, A., & Eisenbach, M. (2006). Sperm thermotaxis. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2006.03.027
Bannur, S. V., Kulgod, S. V., Metkar, S. S., Mahajan, S. K., & Sainis, J. K. (1999). Protein determination by ponceau S using digital color image analysis of protein spots on nitrocellulose membranes. Analytical Biochemistry. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1998.3020
Bingley, M. S. (1966). Membrane potentials in Amoeba proteus. Journal of Experimental Biology.
Blanchoin, L., Boujemaa-Paterski, R., Sykes, C., & Plastino, J. (2014). Actin dynamics, architecture, and mechanics in cell motility. Physiological Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00018.2013
Bosgraaf, L., & van Haastert, P. J. M. (2010). Quimp3, an automated pseudopod-tracking algorithm. Cell Adhesion and Migration. https://doi.org/10.4161/cam.4.1.9953
Buckle, C. E., Udawatta, V., & Straus, C. M. (2013). Now you see it, now you don’t: Visual illusions in radiology. Radiographics. https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.337125204
Canny, J. (1986). A Computational Approach to Edge Detection. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.1986.4767851
Coskun, H., & Coskun, H. (2011). Cell Physician: Reading Cell Motion A Mathematical Diagnostic Technique Through Analysis of Single Cell Motion. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-010-9580-x
Dolz, J., Desrosiers, C., & Ben Ayed, I. (2018). 3D fully convolutional networks for subcortical segmentation in MRI: A large-scale study. In NeuroImage. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.04.039
Duan, Y., & Qin, H. (2001). Intelligent Balloon: A subdivision-based deformable model for surface reconstruction of arbitrary topology. Proceedings of the Symposium on Solid Modeling and Applications.
Gandhi, H. S. (2019). Rationale and options for choosing an optimal closure technique for primary midsagittal osteochondrotomy of the sternum. Part 3: Technical decision making based on the practice of patient- appropriate medicine. Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2019026454
Gandhi, H. S. (2022). A Comprehensive Review of Computer Vision Techniques to Interest Physicians and Surgeons, Role of A Clinical Biomechanical Engineer in Pre-Operative Surgical Planning, And Preamble To HSG-Amoeba, A New Concept of Biomedical Image Modeling Technique. International Journal of Computers and Technology, Vol. 22 (2022), 1–49.
GEOFF DOUGHERTY. (2009). Digital Image Processing for Medical Applications. Cambridge University Press.
Haralick, RM. & Shapiro, L. (1985). Image Segmentation techniques. COMPUTER VISION, GRAPHICS, AND IMAGE PROCESSING, 29, 100–132.
Aggarwal, R., Sounderajah, V., Martin, G., Ting, D. S. W., Karthikesalingam, A., King, D., Ashrafian, H., & Darzi, A. (2021). Diagnostic accuracy of deep learning in medical imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis. In npj Digital Medicine (Vol. 4, Issue 1). Nature Research. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-021-00438-z
Amini, A. A., Weymouth, T. E., & Jain, R. C. (1990). Using Dynamic Programming for Solving Variational Problems in Vision. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. https://doi.org/10.1109/34.57681
Bahat, A., & Eisenbach, M. (2006). Sperm thermotaxis. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2006.03.027
Bannur, S. V., Kulgod, S. V., Metkar, S. S., Mahajan, S. K., & Sainis, J. K. (1999). Protein determination by ponceau S using digital color image analysis of protein spots on nitrocellulose membranes. Analytical Biochemistry. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1998.3020
Bingley, M. S. (1966). Membrane potentials in Amoeba proteus. Journal of Experimental Biology.
Blanchoin, L., Boujemaa-Paterski, R., Sykes, C., & Plastino, J. (2014). Actin dynamics, architecture, and mechanics in cell motility. Physiological Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00018.2013
Bosgraaf, L., & van Haastert, P. J. M. (2010). Quimp3, an automated pseudopod-tracking algorithm. Cell Adhesion and Migration. https://doi.org/10.4161/cam.4.1.9953
Buckle, C. E., Udawatta, V., & Straus, C. M. (2013). Now you see it, now you don’t: Visual illusions in radiology. Radiographics. https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.337125204
Canny, J. (1986). A Computational Approach to Edge Detection. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.1986.4767851
Coskun, H., & Coskun, H. (2011). Cell Physician: Reading Cell Motion A Mathematical Diagnostic Technique Through Analysis of Single Cell Motion. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-010-9580-x
Dolz, J., Desrosiers, C., & Ben Ayed, I. (2018). 3D fully convolutional networks for subcortical segmentation in MRI: A large-scale study. In NeuroImage. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.04.039
Duan, Y., & Qin, H. (2001). Intelligent Balloon: A subdivision-based deformable model for surface reconstruction of arbitrary topology. Proceedings of the Symposium on Solid Modeling and Applications.
Gandhi, H. S. (2019). Rationale and options for choosing an optimal closure technique for primary midsagittal osteochondrotomy of the sternum. Part 3: Technical decision making based on the practice of patient- appropriate medicine. Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2019026454
Gandhi, H. S. (2022). A Comprehensive Review of Computer Vision Techniques to Interest Physicians and Surgeons, Role of A Clinical Biomechanical Engineer in Pre-Operative Surgical Planning, And Preamble To HSG-Amoeba, A New Concept of Biomedical Image Modeling Technique. International Journal of Computers and Technology, Vol. 22 (2022), 1–49.
GEOFF DOUGHERTY. (2009). Digital Image Processing for Medical Applications. Cambridge University Press.
Haralick, RM. & Shapiro, L. (1985). Image Segmentation techniques. COMPUTER VISION, GRAPHICS, AND IMAGE PROCESSING, 29, 100–132.
Jones, N. (2014). Computer science: The learning machines. In Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/505146a
Kass, M., Witkin, A., & Terzopoulos, D. (1988). Snakes: Active contour models. International Journal of Computer Vision. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00133570
Marella, S. V., & Udaykumar, H. S. (2004). Computational analysis of the deformability of leukocytes modeled with viscous and elastic structural components. Physics of Fluids. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1629691
Olander, D. R. (2019). General Thermodynamics (1st ed.). Boca Raton : CRC Press.
Onoda, M., Ueki, T., Shibayama, M., & Yoshida, R. (2015). Multiblock copolymers exhibiting spatio-temporal structure with autonomous viscosity oscillation. Scientific Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep15792
Onoda, M., Ueki, T., Tamate, R., Shibayama, M., & Yoshida, R. (2017). Amoeba-like self-oscillating polymeric fluids with autonomous sol-gel transition. Nature Communications. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15862
Peng, J., & Wang, Y. (2021). Medical Image Segmentation with Limited Supervision: A Review of Deep Network Models. http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.00429
Pollard, T. D., & Borisy, G. G. (2003). Cellular motility driven by assembly and disassembly of actin filaments. In Cell. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00120-X
Saito, S., Yamashita, T., & Aoki, Y. (2016). Multiple object extraction from aerial imagery with convolutional neural networks. IS and T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.2352/ISSN.2470-1173.2016.10.ROBVIS-392
Slepchenko, B. M., & Loew, L. M. (2010). Use of Virtual Cell in Studies of Cellular Dynamics. In International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1937-6448(10)83001-1
Swaroop, P., & Sharma, N. (2016). An Overview of Various Template Matching Methodologies in Image Processing. International Journal of Computer Applications. https://doi.org/10.5120/ijca2016912165
Tyson, J. J. (1994). What Everyone Should Know About the Belousov-Zhabotinsky Reaction. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-50124-1_33
van Haastert, P. J. M. (2011). Amoeboid cells use protrusions for walking, gliding and swimming. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027532
Verkhovsky, A. B., Svitkina, T. M., & Borisy, G. G. (1999). Self-polarization and directional motility of cytoplasm. Current Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(99)80042-6
Wang, Q., Lin, J., & Yuan, Y. (2016). Salient Band Selection for Hyperspectral Image Classification via Manifold Ranking. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2015.2477537
Weiner, O. D. (2002). Regulation of cell polarity during eukaryotic chemotaxis: The chemotactic compass. In Current Opinion in Cell Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0955-0674(02)00310-1
Wolgemuth, C. W., Stajic, J., & Mogilner, A. (2011). Redundant mechanisms for stable cell locomotion revealed by minimal models. Biophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2011.06.032
Xu, C., & Prince, J. L. (1997). Gradient vector flow: A new external force for snakes. Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.
Yoshida, K., & Soldati, T. (2006). Dissection of amoeboid movement into two mechanically distinct modes. Journal of Cell Science. https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.03152
Zhao, M. (2009). Electrical fields in wound healing-An overriding signal that directs cell migration. In Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2008.12.009
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Harjeet Singh Gandhi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.