SEASONAL VARIATION OF HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATIONS IN FISH IN OGUTA LAKE, NIGERIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24297/jac.v10i7.6807Keywords:
Accumulation, concentration, environment, fish, saturated, solution, speciesAbstract
Concentrations of heavy metals iron (Fe), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As), were determined in the head of four fish species, namely, Trachinotus goreensis, Clarias anguillaris, Synodontis membranaceous, and Tilapia zilli, in Oguta Lake, Nigeria. Result obtained from analyses using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) revealed that Fe (13.309 mg/l) was the highest metal accumulated by the fish (S. membranaceous) in October, while Hg and As were not detected in all the fish species except in July where 0.003 and 0.005mg/l of As were detected in the fish species (T. zilli and C. anguillaris), and November where 0.001 mg/l of As was also detected in S. membranaceous. The distribution of HMs in the fish species revealed that, overall, Fe was the highest metal accumulated by the fish species, C. membranaceous, followed by T. goreensis. This high level of Fe accumulated by the fish species may be attributed to the fact that Fe occur at high levels in organic matter at the bottom of the Lake. So being typical bottom dwellers, the fish species were more exposed to the metal. Heavy metals were higher (not significantly) during the dry season than the rainy season. Statistically, however, seasonal variation didn’t significantly influence the accumulation of HMs by the fish species. The levels of heavy metals examined in the present study were below maximum permissible limits set by World Health Organization (WHO), indicating that the Oguta Lake is not polluted by heavy metals.
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References
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32. Eneji, I. S., Sha’Ato, R., Annune, P. A. (2011): Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish (Tilapia zilli and Clarias gariepinus) organs from River Benue, North-Central, Nigeria. Pakistan Journal of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, 12, 25-31.
33. Oboh, I.P., Edema, C.U. (2007): Levels of heavy metals in water and fishes from the River Niger. Journal of Chemistry Society of Nigeria, 32, 29-34.
2. Bahnasawy, M, Khidr A., Dheina, N. (2009): Seasonal variation of heavy metals concentrations in Mullet, Mugil cephalus, and Liza ramad (Mugilidae) from lake Manzala, Egypt. Journal of Applied Research, 5, 845-852.
3. Al Bader, N. (2008): Heavy metals in most common available fish species in Saudi market. Journal of Food Technology. 6, 173-177.
4. Burger, J, Gochfield, M. (2005): Heavy metals in commercial fish in New Jersey. Environmental Research, 99, 403-412.
5. Bowen, H.I.M. (1966): Trace Elements in Biochemistry. 1st Edn. Academic, Press, London, UK, p 241.
6. Bogut, I. (1997): Water pollution by heavy metals and their impact on fish and human health. Hrvatske Vode, 5, 223-229.
7. Reinfelder, J.R., Fishher, N.S., Luoma S.N., Nichots, J.N., Wang, W.X. (1998): Trace element trophic transfer in aquatic organisms: A critique of the kinetic model approach. Science of the Total Environment, 219, 117-135.
8. Mansour, S.A., Sidky M.N. (2002): Ecotoxicological studies 3. Heavy metals contaminating water and fish from Fayoum Governorate, Egypt. Food Chemistry, 78, 15-22.
9. Burger, J., Gaines, K.F., Shane Boring, C., Stephens, W.L., Snodgrass, J., Dixon C. (2000): Metals level in fish from the Savannah River: Potential Hazard to fish and other receptors. Environmental Research, 89, 85-97.
10. Hadson, P.V. (1988): The effect of metabolism on uptake, deposition and toxicity in fish. Aquatic Toxicology, 11, 3-18.
11. Bashir, F.H., Othman, M.S., Mazlan, A.G., Rahim S.M., Simon K.D. (2013): Heavy metal concentration in fishes the Coastal Waters of Kaper and Mersing, Malaysia. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 13, 375-382.
12. Agusa T., Kunito, A., Sudaryanto. T., Monirith, S.K., Klap, A., Iwata, H. (2007): Exposure assessment for trace elements from consumption of marine fish in Southeast Asia. Environmental Pollution, 145, 266-277.
13. Hajed, P., Jinap, S., Ismail, A., Fatimah, A.B., Jamilah, J., Rahim, M.A. (2009): Assessment of mercury level in commonly consumed marine fishes in Malaysian. Food Control, 20, 79-84.
14. Puel, D., Zsuerger, N., Breittmayer J.P. (1987): Statistical assessment of a sampling pattern for evaluation of changes in Hg and Zn concentration in Patellacoerulea. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 38, 700-706.
15. Campbell, K.R. (1994): Concentrations of heavy metals associated with urban runoff in fish living in storm water treatment ponds. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 27, 352-356.
16. Nord, L.G., Adams, C.D., Wixson B.G., Loftin, K.A., Huang, Y. (2004): Lead, zinc copper and cadmium in fish and sediments from the Big River Creek of Missouris old lead belt. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 26, 37-49.
17. Jezierska, B., Witeska, M. (2006): The metals uptake and accumulation in fish living in polluted waters. Soil and Water Pollution Monitoring, Protection and Remediation, 3, 107-114.
18. Linde, A. R., Arribas, P., Sanchez-Galan, S., Garcia-Vazquez, E. (1996): Eel (Anguilla anguilla) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) target species to assess the biological impact of trace metal pollution in freshwater ecosystem. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 31, 297-302.
19. Zhou, T., Weis, P., Weis, J.S. (1998): Mercury burden in two populations of Fundulus heteroclitus after sublethal methyl mercury exposure. Aquatic Toxicology, 42, 37-47.
20. Kock, G., Triendl, M., Hofer, R. (1996): Seasonal patterns of metal accumulation in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpines) from oligotrophic Alpine lakes: Gills versus digestive tract. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 102, 303-312.
21. Douben, P.E.T. (1989): Uptake and elimination of waterborne cadmium by the fish Noemacheilus barbatulus L. (stone loach). Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 18, 576-586.
22. Grieb, T. M., Driscoll, C.T., Gloss, S.P., Schofied, C.L., Bowie, G.L., Porcella, D.B. (1990): Factors affecting mercury accumulation in fish in the upper Michigan Peninsula. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 9, 919-930.
23. Barron, M.G., Albeke S. (2000): Calcium control of zinc uptake in rainbow trout. Aquatic Toxicology, 50, 257-264.
24. Stagg, R.M., Shuttleworth T.J. (1982): The accumulation of copper in Platichthys fiesus L. and its effects on plasma electrolyte concentrations. Journal of Fish Biology, 20, 491-500.
25. Somero, G.N., Chow, T. J., Yancey, P.H., Snyder, C.B. (1977): Lead accumulation rates in tissues of the estuarine teleost fish Gillichthys mirabilis: Salinity and temperature effects. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 6, 337-348.
26. Ukiwe, L.N., Iwu, C.I. (2010): Effect of reaction time and acids in chemical leaching of heavy metals in sewage sludge. Terrestrial and Aquatic Environmental Toxicology, 5, 73-76.
27. Ukiwe, L.N. Oguzie, E. (2008): Effect of pH and acid on heavy metals solubilization of domestic sewage sludge. Terrestrial and Aquatic Environmental Toxicology, 2, 54-58.
28. Olaifa, F.G., Olaifa, A.K., Adelaja, A.A., Owolabi, A.G. (2004): Heavy metals contamination of Clarias gariepinus from a lake and fish farm in Ibadan Nigeria. African Journal of Biomedical Research, 7, 145-148.
29. Eletta, O.A.A., Adekola, F.A., Omotosho, J.S. (2003): Determination of concentration of heavy metals in two common fish species from Asa River, Ilorin, Nigeria. Toxicology and Environmental Chemistry, 85, 7-12.
30. Opaluwa, O.D., Aremu, M.O., Ogbo, L.O., Magaji, J.I., Odiba, I.E., Ekpo, E.R. (2012): Assessment of heavy metals in water, fish and sediments from UKE stream, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Current World Environment, 7, 213-220.
31. George, F., Ogamune, R., Odulate, O., Arowolo, T. (2013): Seasonal variation in heavy metals content of Tongue sole, Cynoglossus brownii and Croaker, Pseudotolithus typus from Lagos and Delta State, Nigeria. British Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 3, 1548-1557.
32. Eneji, I. S., Sha’Ato, R., Annune, P. A. (2011): Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish (Tilapia zilli and Clarias gariepinus) organs from River Benue, North-Central, Nigeria. Pakistan Journal of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, 12, 25-31.
33. Oboh, I.P., Edema, C.U. (2007): Levels of heavy metals in water and fishes from the River Niger. Journal of Chemistry Society of Nigeria, 32, 29-34.
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Published
2014-10-24
How to Cite
Nwoko, C., Ukiwe, L., & Egereonu, U. U. (2014). SEASONAL VARIATION OF HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATIONS IN FISH IN OGUTA LAKE, NIGERIA. JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY, 10(7), 2929–2936. https://doi.org/10.24297/jac.v10i7.6807
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