Batch and column studies on methylene blue using activated carbon/Al2O3 nano-composite and its impregnated calcium alginate beads
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24297/jac.v12i12.3890Keywords:
Nano-composite, Adsorption Isotherms, Adsorption kinetics, Calcium alginate, Fixed-bed Column, methylene blue.Abstract
Activated carbon/Al2O3 nano-composite (ANC) was synthesized by simple pyrolysis after incorporating the aluminium acetate precursor in activated carbon (AC) matrix. The as-synthesized composite was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, BET isotherm, SEM, EDX, and TEM. The size of Al2O3 nanoparticles in carbon matrix was found to be in the range of 10-35 nm. Adsorption characteristics of nano-composite was evaluated using methylene blue dye (MB) by batch and column studies. In batch process, the effect of concentration, temperature and pH were investigated. Batch adsorption study was interpreted with Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms. Results showed that adsorption follows Freudlich isotherm model with an adsorption capacity of 116 mg/g at pH 7 at 30 °C and it increases with increase in pH. Kinetic data indicated that the adsorption of dye follows pseudo-second order kinetics model. The negative value of ΔG indicates the spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. For column study the nano-composite was fabricated into Calcium alginate beads (CAB). The performance of CAB was studied with different influent concentrations of MB, pH and bed depth and the results have been interpreted using Thomas and BDST models. The column shows an adsorption capacity of 285.57 mg/g of CAB at pH 7 with bed height of 10 cm and best fitted to BDST model. These outcomes indicate the capability of carbon/Al2O3 nano-composite for dye removal.
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References
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[25] Hong Zheng, Donghong Liu, YanZheng, Shuping Liang, Zhe Liu., 2009. Sorption isotherm and kinetic modelling of aniline on Cr-bentonite. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167, 141-147.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.12.093
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[32] Emine Malkoc, Yasar Nuhoglu., 2006. Removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solutions using waste of tea factory: Adsorption on a fixed-bed column. Journal of Hazardous Materials B135, 328–336 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.11.070
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[34] Runping Han, Yu Wang, Xin Zhao, Yuanfeng Wang, Fuling Xie, Junmei Cheng, Mingsheng Tang., 2009. Adsorption of methylene blue by phoenix tree leaf powder in a fixed-bed column: experiments and prediction of breakthrough curves. Desalination 245, 284-297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2008.07.013
[2] Zakia Sultana, Md. Ershad Ali, Md. SalaUddin, Md. Mominul Haque., 2013. Implementation of Effluent Treatment Plants for Waste Water Treatment. Journal of Environmental Protection, 4, 301-308.http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jep.2013.43035
[3] Mohamed Amine Zenasni, Bahia Meroufel, André Merlin, Béatrice George., 2014. Adsorption of Congo Red from Aqueous Solution Using CTAB-Kaolin from Bechar Algeria, Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology. 4, 332-341. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jsemat.2014.46037
[4] Sarika Singh, Barick, K, C., Bahadur, D., 2013. Functional Oxide Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites for the Removal of Heavy Metals and Dyes. Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology.3, Art.20, 1- 19
[5] Ranjithkumar, V., Sangeetha, S., Vairam, S., 2014. Synthesis of magnetic activated carbon/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite and its application in the removal of acid yellow 17 dye from water. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 273, 127-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.034
[6] Mohamed A. Farghali, Taher A. Salah El-Din, Abdullah M. Al-Enizi, Ramadan M. El Bahnasawy., 2015. Graphene/ Magnetite Nanocomposite for Potential Environmental Application. International journal of Electrochemical Science. 10, 529-537.
[7] Yuqian Li, Jiangying Qu, Feng Gao, Siyuan Lv, Lin Shi, Chunxiang He, Jingchang Sun., 2015. In situ fabrication of Mn3O4 decorated graphene oxide as a synergistic catalyst for degradation of methylene blue. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 162, 268-274.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.06.058
[8] Asok Adak., Anjali Pal., Manas Bandyopadhyay., 2006. Removal of phenol from water environment by surfactant- modified alumina through adsolubilization. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 277 (1-3), 63-68 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2005.11.012
[9] Haverkamp, R, G., Metson, J. B, Hyland, M. M, Welch, B. J., 1992. Adsorption of Hydrogen Fluoride on Alumina. Surface And Interface Analysis, 19, 139-144
[10] Muhammad Javed Iqbal and Muhammad Naseem Ashiq., 2010. Thermodynamics and kinetics of Adsorption of Dyes from Aqueous Media onto Alumina. Journal of Chemical Society of Pakisthan, 32 (4), 419-428
[11] Sushmita Banerjee, Ravindra Kumar Gautam, Amita Jaiswal, Mahesh Chandra Chattopadhyayaa and Yogesh Chandra Sharma., 2015. Rapid scavenging of methylene blue dye from aliquid phase by adsorption on aluminananoparticles. RSC Advances, 5 14425-14440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra12235f
[12] Bushra Ismail, Syed Tajammul Hussain, Sohaib Akram., 2013. Adsorption of methylene blue onto spinel magnesium aluminate nanoparticles: Adsorption isotherms, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Chemical Engineering Journal, 219 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.01.034
[13] Pranay A Raut, Monal Dutta, Sonali Sengupta, Jayanta Kumar Basu., 2013. Alumina-carbon composite as an effective adsorbent for removal of Methylene Blue and Alizarin Red-s from aqueous solution. Indian Journal Of Chemical Technology, 20, 15-20
[14] Hameed, B, H., Mahmoud, D, K., Ahmad, A, L., 2008. Equilibrium modeling and kinetic studies on the adsorption of basic dye by a low-cost adsorbent: Coconut (Cocosnucifera) bunch waste. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 158, 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.034
[15] Mohd. Rafatullah., Othman Sulaiman., Rokiah Hashim., Anees Ahmad., 2010. Adsorption of methylene blue on low-cost adsorbents: A Review. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 177, 70-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.047
[16] Martinsen, A., Skjak-Bræk. G., Smidsrød, O., 1989. Alginate as Immobilization Material: I. Correlation between chemical and physical properties of Alginate Gel Beads. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 33, 79-89.
[17] Assia Benhouria, MdAzharul Islam, H. Zaghouane-Boudiaf, M. Boutahala, B.H.Hameed, 2.15. Calcium alginate-bentonite-activated carbon composite beads as highly effective adsorbent for methylene blue. Chemical Engineering Journal, 270, 621-630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.02.030
[18] Apel, M. L., Torma A. E., 1993. Determination of Kinetics and Diffusion Coefficients of Metal Sorption on Ca-alginate beads. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 71, 652-656
[19] Rathinam Aravindhan, Nishtar Nishad Fathima, Jonnalagadda Raghava Roa, Balachandran Unni Nair., 2007. Equilibrium and thermodynamic studies on the removal of basic black dye using calcium alginate beads. Colloids and Surfaces A: physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 299 232-238.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.11.045
[20] Hassan, A, F., Abdel-Mohsen Moustafa, M,G., 2014. Comparative study of calcium alginate, activated carbon, and their composite beads on methylene blue adsorption. Carbohydrate Polymers, 102, 192-198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.10104
[21] Vincent Rocher, Jean-Michel Siaugue, Valerie Cabuil, Agnes Bee., 2008. Removal of organic dyes by magnetic alginate beads. Water Research 42, 1290-1298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2007.09.024
[22]Yanhui Li, Qiuju Du, Tonghao Liu, Jiankun Sun, Yonghao Wang, Shaoling Wu, Zonghua Wang, Yanzhi Xia, Linhua Xia., 2013. Methylene blue adsorption on graphene oxide/calcium alginate composites. Carbohydrate Polymers, 95 (1), 501–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.01.094
[23] Monika Jain, Garg, V, K., Kadirvelu, K., 2013. Cadmium(II) sorption and desorption in a fixed bed column using sunflower waste carbon calcium–alginate beads.Biosource Technology, 129, 242–248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.036
[24] Foo,K,Y., Hameed, B, H., 2010. Insights into the modeling of adsorption isotherm systems. Chemical Engineering Journal, 156, 2-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.09.013
[25] Hong Zheng, Donghong Liu, YanZheng, Shuping Liang, Zhe Liu., 2009. Sorption isotherm and kinetic modelling of aniline on Cr-bentonite. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167, 141-147.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.12.093
[26] Bujadak, J., and Komadel, P., 1997. Interaction of methylene blue with reduced charge montmorillonite. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 101 9065-9068
[27] Maecelo, J. Avena, Laura, E. Valenti, Valeria Pfaffen., Carlos, P. De Pauli., 2001. Methylene blue dimerization does not interfere in surface area measurements of Kaolinite and Soils, Clays and Clay Minerals, 49 (2), 168-173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2001.0490206
[28] Giles, C. H., McEwan, J. H., Nakhwa, S.N., and Smith, D., 1960. Studies in Adsorption. Part XI. A system of classification of solution adsorption isotherms and its use in diagnosis of adsorption mechanisms and in measurements of specific areas of soils. Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed), 3973-3993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/JR9600003973
[29] Voytusky, S., 1978. Colloid Chemistry, Mir Publishers, Moscow, pp-212.
[30] Jingfeng Gao, Qian Zhang, Kai Su, Ranni Chen, Yongzhen Peng., 2010. Biosorption of Acid Yellow 17 from aqueous solution by non-living aerobic granular sludge. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 174, 215-225.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.039
[31] Christian Taty-Costodes V, Henri Fauduet, Catherine Porte, Yuh-Shan Ho., 2005. Removal of lead (II) ions from synthetic and real effluents using immobilized Pinussylvestrissawdust: Adsorption on a fixed-bed column. Journal of Hazardous Materials B123, 135–144 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.03.032
[32] Emine Malkoc, Yasar Nuhoglu., 2006. Removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solutions using waste of tea factory: Adsorption on a fixed-bed column. Journal of Hazardous Materials B135, 328–336 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.11.070
[33] Jyotsna Goel, Krishna Kadirvelu,Chitra Rajagopal, Vinod Kumar Garg., 2005. Removal of lead(II) by adsorption using treated granular activated carbon: Batch and column studies. Journal of Hazardous Materials B125, 211-220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.05.032
[34] Runping Han, Yu Wang, Xin Zhao, Yuanfeng Wang, Fuling Xie, Junmei Cheng, Mingsheng Tang., 2009. Adsorption of methylene blue by phoenix tree leaf powder in a fixed-bed column: experiments and prediction of breakthrough curves. Desalination 245, 284-297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2008.07.013
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Published
2016-12-20
How to Cite
Balasubramani, U., Subramaniam, S., Mitu, L., & Sundararajan, V. (2016). Batch and column studies on methylene blue using activated carbon/Al2O3 nano-composite and its impregnated calcium alginate beads. JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY, 12(12), 5599–5612. https://doi.org/10.24297/jac.v12i12.3890
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