Removal of Carcinogenic Hexavalent Chromium by Reduction with Iron in Presence of Accelerator Non Toxic Organic Compounds (Chalcone)

Abstract

The focus of this work is on Cr, which has two predominant oxidation states of the atmosphere: + â€3, which is an essential nutrient in low doses, and +â€6, which is highly toxic and carcinogenic. We found that, the reduction of Cr⁶⁺ to Cr³⁺ was first order reaction and the rate controlling step is the diffusion of (Cr⁶⁺) from bulk to iron surface. Toxicity reduction method includes studding of 1-aryl-3-(1-phenylpyrazolo [3,4-b] quinoxalin-3-yl) -2-propenones derivatives or chalcone derivatives concentration, temperatures and rotation speeds effect, which exhibit a strong dependence and supported that the process is diffusion controlled. Thermodynamic parameter ΔG*, ΔH* and ΔS* are given. Mass transfer study of the process was correlated by the equation: Sh = 0.53Sc^0.33Re^0.38. The order of acceleration was confirmed by quantum calculations.