PHYSIOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS IN HEMOLYMPH OF BLAPS SULCATA BEETLE AS AN INDICATOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION EFFECTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24297/jab.v8i3.4546Keywords:
pollutants, Blaps sulctata, insect physiologyAbstract
Environmental pollution of air, water, soil and food became a threat for the sustainability of several plant and animal communities and may ultimately threaten the human survival. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect(s) of some pollutants, namely, Cadmium, Cd; copper; Cu; Iron, Fe, and Lead, Pb, in soil of two different localities on some physiological parameters (Glucose, total protein, total lipid, phospholipid, uric acid (u.a.), cholinesterase, acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)) in the hemolymph of the beetle Blaps sulcata. The results obtained in the present study showed that location "M" (Moharam Bey botanival garden at the Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt) could be considered as polluted as compared to the location "R" (reference site at Burg El-Arab, 50Km west of Alexandria). In soil, levels of Fe, Pb, Cu and Cd were significantly elevated in location "M" as compared to the location "R". In addition, the concentrations of all measured parameters in hemolymph of B. sulcata collected from "M" site were found to be lower than reference site this could be due to an increased the previously mentioned pollutants.Downloads
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References
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37- Sharma, R., and Singh, K. 1977. Studies on glutamic-oxalacetic (GOT) and glutamic-pyruvic (GPT) transaminases of swine kidney worm Stephanurus dentatus (Diesing, 1839). J. Parasito. Res. 54: 251-256.
38- Singh, N., and Singh, R. 1977. Carbohydrate, lipid and protein in the developmental stages of Sitophilus oryzae and Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). J. Ann. Entomol. Soc. An. 70(1): 107-111.
39- Takeyana, M., Itohs, T., and Tanimizn, I. 1977. Toxicological profile for Cadmium. J. Clin. Chem, Acta. 79- 93.
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42- Walker, R. 2001. Effects of storcking density on growth and survival of Atlantic surfclams in bottom cages versus mesh bags. J. of shell fish Res. 20: 1173-1176.
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2- Abdel- Hafez, M., Abdel- Kawy, A., Mohanna, A., and El- Bishry, M. 1993. Effect of IGR insecticide mixture on esterases activity of Spodoptera littoralis. J. Product and Dev. 1(2): 153- 164.
3- Abo El ghar, G.; Khalil, M., and Eid, T. 1995. Some biochemical effects of plant extracts in the black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel). Bull. Ent. Soc. Egypt, Econ. Ser. 22: 85-97.
4- Archer, M., Clarkson, T., and Strain, J. 1992. Genetic aspects of nutrition and toxicology. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2001, 20(2): 119-204.
5- Assem, H., and Abe-Hegob, S., Belal, I. 1992. Comparison of haematological effects of some toxicants on clairas gariepinus National Institute of Oceanography. J. Egypt. Ger. Soc. Zool. Vol. 09A: 33-50.
6- Azmi, M., Nqavi, S., Akhtar, M., and Khan, K. 1998. Comparative toxicological studies of RB-a (Neem extract) and Coopex (Permethrin+Bioallethrin) against Sitophilus oryzae with reference to their effects on oxygen consumption and GOT, GPT Activity. Tr. J. of Zool., 22: 307–310.
7- Céron, J., Tecles, F., and Espir, J. 1999. Comparison for spectrophotometric determination of liver sock blood cholinesterase activity. J. Proc. Soc. Exp. Med. 140- 210.
8- Chao, J., and yang, J. 2001. Alteration of Cadmium – induced mutational spectrum by catalase depletion in Chinese hamster ovary k1 cells. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 498(1): 7-18. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00249-2.
9- Chen, F., and Shi, X. 2002. Intracellular signal Transduction of cells in response to carcinogenic metals. Cri. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 42(1): 105-121.
10- Claudia, B. 1995. Effects of heavy metal stress on carbohydrate and lipid concentrations in the haemolymph and total body tissue of parasitized Lymantria dispar L. larvae (Lepidoptera). J. Comp. Biochem. and Physio. Part C: Comp. Pharmacol. and Toxicol. 112(1): 87-92
11- Dabrowska-Bouta, B., Struzynska, L., and Rafalowska, V. 1996. Effect of acute and chronic lead exposure on the level of sulfhydryl groups in rat brain. J. Acta Neurobiol. Exp. (wars) 56 (1): 233-236
12- Eisler, R. 1988. Lead hazards to fish wildlife and invertebrates. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. Laurel, MD 20708.
13- Ejnik, J., Robinson, J., Zhu, J., Forsterling, H., Shaw, C., and Petering, D. 2002. Folding pathway of apo-methallothionen include by Zn-2, Cd+2. J. Inorg. Biochem. 88(2): 144-152.
14- Elena, Z., Valery, S., Viktor, G., and Ivan, D. 2003. Activity and heavy metal resistance of non-specific esterases in leaf beetle Chrysomela lapponica from polluted and unpolluted habitats. Comp. Biochem. and Physio. Part C: Toxicol. and Pharmacol. 135(4): 383-391
15- Florkin, M. 1958. The free Amino acids of insect haemolymph. Proceedings of the 4th Intern. Congress of Biochem. Vienna. 12: 63 – 73.
16- Friedman, S. 1985. Carbohydrate metabolism. In comprehensive insect physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology (Eds Kerkut G.A. and Gilbert L.I.), 43-76. Pergamon Press, New York.
17- Gornall, A., Bardawill, C., and David, M. 1949. Determination of Serum Proteins by means of Biuret reaction. J. Bio. Chem. 177: 751-766
18- Harlin, K., and Ross, P. 1990. Enzymatic spectrophotometric method for determination of cholinesterase activity in whole blood: Collaborative study. J. of AOAC International 73: 616-619.
19- Hassan, H. 2002. Biological and Biochemical Studies on The Effect of Some Botanical Extracts on Cotton Leaf-Worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). M.Sc. Thesis, University of Ain Shams, 180-201.
20- Henry, R., Cannon, D., and Winkelman, J. 1974. Clinical Chemistry- Principles and technics. 2nd Ed. New York: Harper and Row, 1374–81.
21- Hopf 1940. Malpighian tubes in Lepidoptera larvae and historical review. J. Renns, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. 6: 9-11.
22- Hunt, K., and Hooper, M. 1993, Development and optimization of reactivation techniques for carbonate inhibited brain and plasma cholinesterase in birds and mammals. J. Anal. Biochem. 212: 335-343.
23- Khakbaz, P. P.N., Mahdeloe, S. and Heidari, A. 2012. Soil pollution control management techniques and methods. Ann. Biol. Res., 3, 3101-3109.
24- Kind, P., and King, E. 1954. Estimation of plasma phosphatase by determination of hydrolysed phenol with amino-antipyrine. J. Clin. Path. 7: 322-326.
25- Kinght, J., Anderson, S., and Jams, M. 1972. Chemical basis of the sulphovanilin reaction of estimating total lipid. J. Clin. Chem. 18(3):199.
26- Krystofova, O., Trnkova, L., Adam, V., Zehnalek, J., Hubalek, J., Babula, P., and Kizek, R. 2010. Electrochemical Microsensors for the Detection of Cadmium (II) and Lead (II) Ions in Plants.
27- Lenntech, 1993. water treatment solutions, Cadmium – Cd. http://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/cd.htm.
28- Li, B., Xie, Y., Cheng, J., Hu, R., Sang, X., Gui, S., Sun, Q., Gong, X., Cui, Y., Shen, W. And Hong, F. 2012. Cerium chloride improves protein and carbohydrate metabolism of fifth-instar larvae of Bombyx mori under phoxim toxicity, Biol. Trace Elem., 150, 214- 220.
29- Mayer, R., and Candy, D. 1969. Control of haemplymph lipid concentration during locust flight: adipokinetic hormone from the corpora cardiaca. J. Insect physiol. 15: 611-620.
30- Mckee, J., and Wolf, H. 1963. Water quality criteria. The resources agency of California. 2nd Ed. State water quality. Cont. Board Publ, 3A: 169-173.
31- Ostrovskii, D., Lysak, E., Demina, G., and Riniukov, V. 2000. Interaction of bacteria with mercuric compounds. J. Mikrobiol, 69 (5): 620-628.
32- Paijo, S. 2010. Polution and Insect response. http://insectspedia.blogspot.com/2010/08/pollution-insect-response-to.html
33- Philip, L., Ethel, H., Deborah, C., Howard, H. 2007. [WWW Toxicological profile for lead ATSDR] URL http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp13.pdf
34- Reitman, S., and Frankel, S. 1957. Determination of aspartate and alamine amino transferase activity in blood serum and tissues. Am. J. Clin. Path. 28: 56-63.
35- Schmidt, G., Ibrahim, N., and Abdallah, M. 1991. Toxiticological studies on the long-term effects of heavy metals (Hg, Cd and Pb) in soil on the development of Aiolopus thalassinus (Fabr.) (Saltatoria: Acridia). J. sci. of the total Environ. 107: 109-133.
36- Shainskaya, A., Schneeberger, A., Apell, H., and karlish, S. 2000. Entrance part for Na+ and K+ ions on Na+, K+ - ATP as in the cytoplasmic loop between trans-membrane segements MG and M 7 of the alpha submit. Proximity of the cytoplamsic segment of the beta subunit. J. Biot. Chem. 275 (3): 2019- 2028.
37- Sharma, R., and Singh, K. 1977. Studies on glutamic-oxalacetic (GOT) and glutamic-pyruvic (GPT) transaminases of swine kidney worm Stephanurus dentatus (Diesing, 1839). J. Parasito. Res. 54: 251-256.
38- Singh, N., and Singh, R. 1977. Carbohydrate, lipid and protein in the developmental stages of Sitophilus oryzae and Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). J. Ann. Entomol. Soc. An. 70(1): 107-111.
39- Takeyana, M., Itohs, T., and Tanimizn, I. 1977. Toxicological profile for Cadmium. J. Clin. Chem, Acta. 79- 93.
40- Timbrell, J. 2000. Principles of biochemical toxicology. Ed. by Taylor and Francis Ltd, 3th ed. London, UK. Toxicology ed. by Guthrie FE and Perry. J. Ed. Elsevier. New York, 24-32. Translation Series No. 1350 (1969).
41- Van Vuren, J., Vander, M., and Du Prezz, H. 1994. The effect of copper on the blood chemistry of Clarias garipinus (Clariidae). Excotoxiol. Environ. safe. 29 (2): 187-199.
42- Walker, R. 2001. Effects of storcking density on growth and survival of Atlantic surfclams in bottom cages versus mesh bags. J. of shell fish Res. 20: 1173-1176.
43- Weber, H. 1966. Quick and simple ultramicromethod for the determination of serum cholinesterase. Dtsch. Med. Wschr. (91): 1927- 1932.
44- WHO, 2003. World Health Organization), Guidelines for Cation exchange complex.
45- Wigglesworth, V. B. 1972. Principles of physiology. 7th ed. 213-250.
46- William, J. P. 1997. Nongenetic variation genetic environmental and altered gene expression. Temperature, photoperiod, diet, PH and sex-related effect. J. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 117A: 11-66.
47- Willott, E., Trenczek, T., Thrower, L., and Kanost, M. 1994. Immunochemical identification of insect hemocyte populations: monoclonal antibodies distinguish four major hemocyte types in Manduca sexta. Euro. J. of Cell Biol. 65: 417-423.
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2016-02-03
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Beltagy, B. I., & Omar, G. A. (2016). PHYSIOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS IN HEMOLYMPH OF BLAPS SULCATA BEETLE AS AN INDICATOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION EFFECTS. JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN BIOLOGY, 8(3), 1696–1703. https://doi.org/10.24297/jab.v8i3.4546
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