@article{Shaker_Ismail_Ashour_Yousif_Afify_Gouda_2013, title={ACE gene polymorphism and serum ACE level with Progression of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients}, volume={9}, url={https://rajpub.com/index.php/jac/article/view/1009}, DOI={10.24297/jac.v9i3.1009}, abstractNote={<p><strong>Background. </strong>One of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) is diabetic nephropathy (DN).  Angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE) gene was the first candidate gene of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) for predisposition to DN.</p><p><strong>Objective. </strong>Investigation whether the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism is associated with Egyptian type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) with nephropathy. In addition, the study investigated the relationship between variants of ACE I/D gene polymorphism and serum ACE level and the progression of nephropathy in Egyptian T2DM patients.</p><p><strong>Methods.</strong>  A total of 85 T2DM patients (45 with nephropathy and 40 without nephropathy) besides 45 healthy (non-diabetic) age-matched subjects were recruited in this study for comparison. The (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene was investigated using PCR and serum ACE levels were determined using ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results.</strong> The frequency of ACE DD genotype and D allele was significantly higher in DN patients when compared to control healthy subjects and diabetic patients without nephropathy. In addition our results showed a significant association between DD genotype of ACE gene and elevated serum ACE level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> The present study showing a strong association between the D allele and/or DD homozygous of ACE gene and diabetic patients developed nephropathy. In addition, individuals with D allele have higher levels of serum ACE compared to those having I allele. ACE gene polymorphism and serum ACE level may serve as a susceptibility biomarker for nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. </p>}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY}, author={Shaker, Olfat Gamil and Ismail, Manal Fouad and Ashour, Esmat and Yousif, Heba Mourad and Afify, Mie and Gouda, Weaam}, year={2013}, month={Dec.}, pages={2023–2032} }